Kubalai, who knew Khan Marco Polo, was not only a skilled warrior but also a passion for knowledge, art and culture. Intelligent
and kind, his reign was magnanimous and surrounded himself with advisers of many nationalities. He died in 1294 at seventy-eight years old, but all his successors proved to be corrupt and unjust in 1368 until the ninth of which was dethroned by his excesses and the Chinese government recovered the Ming Dynasty. In general the main problems of the Mongol Empire were the same as generally come in the gains made by nomadic people. Once you master a land and settle it as conquerors, out of her element, until they lose their personality and are vulnerable to be cultured by the conquered peoples. Different regions of the Mongol Empire tried to impose their bureaucratic structures and even their religions on other regions. Buddhism, Islam managed to Laman and followers among the Mongols as a foothold in China or in the westernmost part of the empire. The importance of the Mongols declined to zero over the centuries XIV XV early. A series of defeats by the Russians and their refusal to continue paying taxes, ended Mongol domination, though its importance was temporarily renewed by the campaigns of Timur. The current population is estimated at Mongolian million people scattered over much of Southeast Asia and East Asia, especially China, Japan, Vietnam, Korea, Siberia and Mongolia course. Most of them are still nomads, though practice agriculture. Livestock, particularly sheep, horses, camels and goats are privately owned but the land is collectively owned by the tribe. The Abbasid caliphate of Baghdad, lasted about five hundred years without dynastic changes. The caliphs were believed or claimed to be successors of the prophet. But half of the eleventh century a great change was verified by the intervention of the Sultan Seljuk Turks, who wielded almost absolute authority as viziers. Muslims were more sincere than the caliphs, who retained the title, but without desire to assert his title of chief of Islam. The Turks were not Arab or Semitic race, but of Turanian origin. The oldest ancestor of them was a leader named Seljuk Togrul and grandfather, was the one who gave his name to all people. The Seljuk Turks had come from Central Asia and were encamped around Samarakanda, where they became Mohammedans. From there they extended their conquests in Armenia, Persia, and even part of India. Meanwhile, the Caliph of Baghdad was under the despotic discipline of a pure Arab family, but authoritative, and unable to tolerate more went to the head of the Seljuks and asked for his protection. Torgul, arrived in Baghdad with eighty thousand Turks, drove the despotic, and immediately sent a message to the caliph in his submission that offered him and the Koran. His daughter married the Caliph and Togrul took the title sultan. On his death the estate and collected by his nephew Alp Arslan and later his son Malik Shah was the Seljuk sultan largest, admirably supported by the efficiency of its minister Nizam al - Mulk. The violent death of Alp - Arslan and Nizam al - Mulk left the caliphate as beheading but fortunately Kurdish Mosul captain restored the authority of the sultanate. Zengui was called, and he and his son again conquered Syria and Mesopotamia, establishing the capital in Damascus. But more important was the one who sent Salh ed - Din, we know by Saladin in Egypt to restore order, then fell into the highest political and religious excess, with the last descendants of Ali and Fatima. Such were the services provided by Saladin in Egypt, in Syria he became Grand Vizier. But Saladin was proclaimed sultan of Damascus yal die seized of these states. But the work of the Seljuks would be interrupted by a peoples' movement that was brewing within Asia. We have already shed several times to Asia on Europe, its huge crowds, first with the Huns, who were emigrating to the West Germanic peoples and then with the Finns, Hungarians and Turks, which are still preserved in Asia and Europe shreds of lands they conquered their grandparents. None of these Oriental peoples, however, have as much information as they represent the conquests of Genghis - Khan, and what is striking in this campaign is that contrary to legend of incapacity for practical things generally across Asia the Mongols of Genghis - Khan moved with order and discipline that are not in the Europe of his time and probably not in today. On the death of his father, Genghis - Khan, was a boy of thirteen, he had to impose his authority fighting against its own subjects, who followed an impostor. Since 1167, when his father died, until 1190, when all the Mongols finally acknowledged his authority, Genghis Khan spent over twenty years fighting